【飲杯砵酒! ~~ Part 1】
【Enjoy some Port Wine / Vinho do Porto! ~~ Part 1】
來到葡萄牙, 怎樣都要飲飲砵酒當見識啊, 就像來到而沒有吃過葡燵的話, 肯定是件超可惜的事情。
At least take a sip of Port wine (called Vinho do Porto in Portuguese) when you are in Portugal. It's like when you're here, you must try some Portuguese egg tarts.
有趣的是, 砵酒英文名稱 "Port" (葡萄牙語 "Vinho do Porto") 其實是源自葡萄牙第二大城市波圖 (Porto) 的名字。砵酒的外文 "Port" 和 "Porto" 在法律上使用是非常嚴格, 只有在葡萄牙生產的砵酒才可以用 "Port" 或 b"Porto" 這名字 (情況就像法國的氣泡酒 Champagne)。 砵酒今時今日能夠風行世界, 或許要多得英國人的商業頭腦。何解呢?
Interestingly, the word "Port" ("Vinho do Porto" in Portuguese) takes its name from the word "Porto" - the second biggest city of Portugal. The use of the terms "Port" or "Porto" is very strict. They refer only to wines produced in Portugal (similar to "Champagne" sparkling wine). Port wine is so popular throughout the world today, it may perhaps thanks to the business savvy of the British people. Why?
早在公元前一世紀, 羅馬人已將酒這種飲料傳到伊比利亞半島。 而葡萄牙亦已有幾百年的釀酒歷史, 更將釀好的酒出產全國以至歐洲各地。 直到17世紀時, 由於英國跟法國爆發戰爭, 英國不能從法國進口葡萄酒, 英國葡萄酒商於是嘗試另尋葡萄酒的供應。 據說有一次, 一位英國利物浦的酒商來到葡萄牙波圖, 看到杜羅河谷 (Douro Valley) 附近一間修道院的一位男修道院長, 在釀酒過程中加入酒精以停止發酵, 試酒後覺得味道吸引, 於是帶回英國售賣, 效果很好, 很受歡迎, 之後就大量進口葡萄牙砵酒。
Indeed, the Portuguese have been making wine for hundreds of years since the Romans introduced wine to the Iberian Peninsula in the 1st century B.C., and shipped throughout the country and elsewhere in Europe. Then, in the late 17th century, there was a war between England and France, which deprived English wine drinkers of French wine. The English wine merchants tried other ways for the supply of wine. It is said that once an English wine merchant from Liverpool came to Porto and saw that an abbot from a monastery, while making wine, added spirit (called aguardente) to stop the process of fermentation. He tasted the wine and liked it very much, then decided to import them into England. This Port wine was well received by the English wine drinkers. Thereafter, a large number of port wine was exported to England.
此後, 不少英國酒商紛紛來波圖開設砵酒廠並將砵酒推銷到英國等地。時至今日, 如果大家去波圖旅遊時, 會發現很多酒莊都是英國人所擁有的, 例如 Taylor, Sandeman, Offley and Graham。
Subsequently, many English wine merchants came to Douro Valley to establish wine houses. They produce port wines and export widely to other countries. Today, when you visit Douro Valley (near Porto), you will be able to find a lot of British-owned wine houses (~~ "Quintas"), such as Taylor, Sandeman, Offley and Graham.
強化 (通常是紅葡萄酒的) 砵酒唯獨在波圖附近的杜羅河谷 (Douro Valley) 生產。 入口很甜, 所以很多時會被作為餐後酒飲用。但注意砵酒酒精度高, 小心易喝醉。:-)
Port wine is produced exclusively in Douro Valley, near Porto. It is a sweet, fortified and usually red wine, most commonly served as a dessert wine. But note that Port wine has pretty high alcohol volume. Be careful not to get drunk. :-)
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